Quantum entanglement refers to a phenomenon where two or more particles can become linked together in such a way that their properties are correlated, regardless of how far apart they are. This means that when a change is made to one particle, it can affect the other particle instantaneously, even if they are light years apart. This is what Einstein famously referred to as “spooky action at a distance.”

Quantum computers work by taking advantage of the properties of quantum entanglement. In a classical computer, information is processed using bits, which can represent either a 0 or a 1. In a quantum computer, information is processed using quantum bits, or qubits, which can represent both 0 and 1 at the same time. This allows quantum computers to perform certain types of calculations much faster than classical computers.

One of the key features of quantum computing is the ability to perform operations on entangled qubits. By entangling two or more qubits, it becomes possible to perform operations that affect all of the qubits at once. This allows quantum computers to solve problems that would be very difficult, if not impossible, for classical computers to solve.

There are a few companies that are currently leading the development of quantum computers. Some of the notable ones are:

1. IBM: IBM has been at the forefront of quantum computing research for several years now, and has built a number of quantum computers that are available through their cloud platform.
2. Google: Google has also made significant progress in quantum computing and has built one of the most advanced quantum computers in the world.
3. Microsoft: Microsoft has invested heavily in quantum computing research, and has developed a programming language, Q#, to help developers build quantum algorithms.
4. Rigetti Computing: Rigetti Computing is a startup that specializes in building and developing quantum computers, and has built several machines that are available through their cloud platform.
5. IonQ: IonQ is another startup that is focused on building quantum computers using trapped ion technology and has built some of the most powerful quantum computers in the world.
6. Honeywell: Honeywell is a conglomerate that has recently entered the quantum computing market, and has built a quantum computer that is available through their cloud platform.
7. D-Wave Systems is another notable company that has been developing quantum computers since the early 2000s. They specialize in quantum annealing technology, which is a type of quantum computing that is particularly suited for optimization problems. D-Wave has built several generations of quantum computers, and their most recent machine, the Advantage system, is currently the most powerful commercially available quantum computer. D-Wave has also been collaborating with several companies and organizations to explore the potential applications of quantum computing in areas such as finance, logistics, and drug discovery.

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